Russia's central bank has finalized rules that will allow exchanges to offer Bitcoin (BTC), Ether (ETH) and Tether USDt (USDT) to retail investors starting Nov. 17, according to Cointelegraph.
Under the framework, non-qualified investors can purchase up to 300,000 rubles (around $3,700) in cryptocurrency annually through each intermediary, including brokers, asset managers and crypto exchange providers. Qualified investors face no purchase limits, but all investors must pass a mandatory test before trading.
Legislative backdrop
The directive builds on legislation signed by Russian President Vladimir Putin on Aug. 4 that established a regulated cryptocurrency market under central bank oversight. A week later, the Bank of Russia published draft regulations identifying BTC, ETH and USDT as eligible for public trading based on market capitalization, average daily trading volume and at least five years of price history on foreign exchanges.
The law took effect Sept. 1, and the Bank of Russia subsequently authorized Sberbank, the country's largest bank, to offer crypto exchange services in October.
Exchange preparations
Moscow Exchange, Russia's largest securities exchange and a publicly traded company, is preparing to launch cryptocurrency trading on Dec. 1, initially offering the three cryptocurrencies through pilot transactions.
Restrictions outside regulated channels
While expanding access through regulated platforms, Russia is also tightening restrictions on transactions outside those channels. Direct peer-to-peer crypto trading will be prohibited starting July 1, 2027, while transfers from regulated digital accounts to self-custody wallets are already banned, according to the Bank of Russia. The country also maintains a prohibition on using cryptocurrency to pay for goods and services.
